The brake assembly is one of the most critical safety systems in heavy-duty vehicles. Common brake types include drum brakes and disc brakes. Operating under high temperatures, heavy loads, and frequent braking conditions, the performance of the brake system directly affects braking efficiency and overall driving safety.

One of the most common issues in brake assemblies is excessive wear of brake linings (or brake shoes). When the lining thickness falls below the specified wear limit, replacement is required immediately to prevent direct contact between the metal backing and the brake drum or brake disc, which can cause severe damage. During replacement, brake linings on the same axle should be replaced as a set to avoid uneven braking forces between the left and right sides.

Abnormal brake overheating is another key issue that requires attention during maintenance. Possible causes include improper brake clearance adjustment, failure of return springs, or restricted movement of brake cams or brake calipers. During servicing, all moving components of the brake mechanism should be inspected for sticking, corrosion, or insufficient lubrication, and cleaned and lubricated according to standard procedures.

For air brake systems, the brake chambers, air lines, and sealing components must also be inspected for air leakage. Air leakage can reduce brake response performance and may lead to braking failure. Any detected faults should be corrected immediately by replacing damaged components, followed by brake performance testing to ensure proper system response.

After completing brake repairs, brake clearance adjustment and road testing should be carried out to verify smooth braking performance, absence of vehicle pull, and no abnormal noise. Standardized maintenance procedures and regular servicing are essential to ensure the long-term safety and reliability of heavy-duty axle brake systems.